{"id":145,"date":"2015-06-05T09:35:19","date_gmt":"2015-06-05T08:35:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dragnsurvey.com\/blog\/?p=145"},"modified":"2026-01-08T17:36:54","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T16:36:54","slug":"les-modalites-de-reponse-dun-questionnaire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dragnsurvey.com\/blog\/les-modalites-de-reponse-dun-questionnaire\/","title":{"rendered":"
La r\u00e9daction des questions d’un questionnaire<\/span> : les modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse<\/div>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Lors de la r\u00e9daction des questions, plusieurs modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse peuvent \u00eatre propos\u00e9es aux participants. Pour obtenir des r\u00e9ponses fiables, il est n\u00e9cessaire de trouver un \u00e9quilibre entre les questions positives et n\u00e9gatives, entre les graduations de r\u00e9ponses (par exemple du tr\u00e8s satisfait au tr\u00e8s insatisfait) et d'apporter une attention particuli\u00e8re aux modalit\u00e9s neutres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cet article pr\u00e9sente plusieurs modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse qu'il est possible de proposer lors de la mise en place d'une enqu\u00eate en ligne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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>> D\u00e9couvrez Drag'n Survey<\/strong> et cr\u00e9ez votre questionnaire en ligne<\/strong>, cliquez-ici<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Les graduations de r\u00e9ponse<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L'importance d'utiliser la m\u00eame graduation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

La mise en place de graduation dans les modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire lorsqu\u2019on d\u00e9finit des degr\u00e9s d\u2019appr\u00e9ciation allant du positif au n\u00e9gatif, n\u00e9cessite d\u2019utiliser la m\u00eame graduation (exemple : tr\u00e8s satisfait, peu satisfait, peu insatisfait, tr\u00e8s insatisfait). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si cet \u00e9quilibre n\u2019est pas respect\u00e9 et que l\u2019on propose plus de r\u00e9ponses positives, les r\u00e9pondants ayant une opinion favorable seront avantag\u00e9s car ils trouveront ais\u00e9ment une r\u00e9ponse correspondant \u00e0 leur appr\u00e9ciation. Les r\u00e9pondants ayant une opinion n\u00e9gative ne seront pas incit\u00e9s \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre car ils ne trouveront pas les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de r\u00e9ponse qui pr\u00e9cise leur appr\u00e9ciation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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L'importance d'utiliser les m\u00eames termes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

De plus, les termes utilis\u00e9s doivent \u00eatre identiques. Si les r\u00e9ponses positives contiennent le mot \"satisfait\", les r\u00e9ponses n\u00e9gatives doivent contenir le mot \"insatisfait\"<\/strong>. Si on utilise un synonyme comme \"d\u00e9\u00e7u\" ou \"frustr\u00e9\", la compr\u00e9hension sera plus difficile et les r\u00e9sultats risquent d'\u00eatre fauss\u00e9s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Utiliser les questions positives et n\u00e9gatives de mani\u00e8re \u00e9gale<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pour prendre en compte tous les aspects d\u2019un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne lors de la r\u00e9alisation d\u2019un questionnaire, il est recommand\u00e9 d\u2019utiliser une s\u00e9rie de questions qui se compl\u00e8tent. Il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable d\u2019utiliser le m\u00eame format pour l\u2019ensemble des questions. Dans ce cas, on pr\u00e9f\u00e9rera l\u2019utilisation d\u2019\u00e9chelles comme l\u2019\u00e9chelle de Likert<\/strong>. Ce type de question permet de d\u00e9terminer le degr\u00e9 d\u2019appr\u00e9ciation du r\u00e9pondant (du positif au n\u00e9gatif).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour donner une libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression aux individus participant au questionnaire, il est recommand\u00e9 d\u2019utiliser ces \u00e9chelles en pr\u00e9sentant l\u2019objet de l\u2019\u00e9tude \u00e0 travers des questions positives et n\u00e9gatives. Introduire un sujet avec une question n\u00e9gative permet de montrer au r\u00e9pondant qu\u2019il est possible d\u2019\u00eatre critique<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cette m\u00e9thode a l'avantage d\u2019\u00e9viter le biais de positivit\u00e9 car certains individus ont plus tendance \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre de mani\u00e8re positive que n\u00e9gative. Et inversement, on \u00e9vitera le biais d\u2019opposition syst\u00e9matique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Le nombre optimal de modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Le choix du nombre de modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse influence directement la qualit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es collect\u00e9es. Une \u00e9chelle \u00e0 4 points (sans option neutre) oblige le r\u00e9pondant \u00e0 se positionner, tandis qu'une \u00e9chelle \u00e0 5 ou 7 points offre plus de nuances. Les \u00e9tudes m\u00e9thodologiques montrent qu'au-del\u00e0 de 7 modalit\u00e9s, les r\u00e9pondants peinent \u00e0 distinguer les diff\u00e9rents niveaux. Pour les questionnaires de satisfaction, une \u00e9chelle \u00e0 5 points repr\u00e9sente souvent le meilleur compromis entre pr\u00e9cision et facilit\u00e9 de r\u00e9ponse. En revanche, pour mesurer des attitudes complexes, une \u00e9chelle \u00e0 7 points permet de capter des variations plus subtiles. Le choix d\u00e9pend \u00e9galement de votre cible : un public expert tol\u00e8re davantage de nuances qu'un public grand public qui pr\u00e9f\u00e8re la simplicit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Les modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponses neutres<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Lors de la mise en place d\u2019\u00e9chelles de notation telle que l\u2019\u00e9chelle de Likert, il est possible d\u2019utiliser une modalit\u00e9 neutre, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire une modalit\u00e9 ou le r\u00e9pondant peut pr\u00e9ciser qu\u2019il est \u00ab ni satisfait, ni insatisfait \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Les risques de la modalit\u00e9 neutre<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Une utilisation par crainte d'exprimer librement son opinion<\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Le risque qu\u2019il est possible de rencontrer dans l\u2019utilisation d\u2019une modalit\u00e9 neutre est que nombre de r\u00e9pondants vont la choisir par crainte d\u2019exprimer librement leurs opinions, parce qu\u2019ils ne savent pas quoi r\u00e9pondre ou tout simplement parce qu\u2019ils ne veulent pas produire un effort de r\u00e9flexion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans ce cas de figure, les r\u00e9ponses de ces individus vont se m\u00ealer \u00e0 celles qui ont une r\u00e9elle position neutre face au sujet. Il sera alors difficile d\u2019\u00e9tudier et de comprendre la signification de cette r\u00e9ponse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Une utilisation refuge<\/span> <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019utilisation d\u2019une r\u00e9ponse neutre peut comporter un risque pour son questionnaire car il s'agit d'une modalit\u00e9 refuge pour certains individus. De plus, lorsqu\u2019un questionnaire contient de nombreuses questions avec \u00e9chelles de Likert, la lassitude peut pousser les r\u00e9pondants \u00e0 choisir cette modalit\u00e9 par facilit\u00e9<\/strong>. Il est donc recommand\u00e9 d\u2019utiliser la modalit\u00e9 neutre lorsque celle-ci est n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la bonne compr\u00e9hension du probl\u00e8me pos\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans le cas contraire, pour permettre au r\u00e9pondant de trouver ais\u00e9ment une r\u00e9ponse qui correspond \u00e0 son appr\u00e9ciation, il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de proposer un plus grand nombre de modalit\u00e9s positives et n\u00e9gatives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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L'int\u00e9r\u00eat du questionnaire en ligne <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Le questionnaire en ligne permet de varier la pr\u00e9sentation des choix de r\u00e9ponse. Par exemple, on pourra pr\u00e9senter une \u00e9chelle de Likert sous la forme d'une question \u00e0 choix multiples ou sous la forme d'une barre de notation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Faire varier la pr\u00e9sentation permet de rendre la participation moins monotone. Les r\u00e9pondants sont donc plus impliqu\u00e9s et les r\u00e9ponses plus sinc\u00e8res. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Articles compl\u00e9mentaires :<\/strong>
Engager ses \u00e9quipes avec un quiz online, cliquez-ici<\/a>
Cr\u00e9er et diffuser un questionnaire de satisfaction, cliquez-ici<\/a>
Plusieurs astuces pour r\u00e9ussir un sondage en ligne, cliquez-ici<\/a>
Utiliser l'\u00e9chelle de Likert dans un sondage en ligne, cliquez-ici<\/a>
\u00c9viter les r\u00e9ponses inattentives dans un sondage en ligne, cliquez-ici<\/a>
Obtenir des r\u00e9ponses sinc\u00e8res dans son enqu\u00eate en ligne, cliquez-ici<\/a>
Le Net Promoter Score comme indicateur de contentement, cliquez-ici<\/a>
Utiliser le branchement conditionnel dans une enqu\u00eate en ligne, cliquez-ici<\/a>
Plus de 15 types de questions \u00e0 int\u00e9grer dans un sondage en ligne, cliquez-ici<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Sources :<\/em>
Fenneteau, Herv\u00e9. Enqu\u00eate : entretien et questionnaire. Dunod, 2015<\/em>
Signly (de), Fran\u00e7ois. L'enqu\u00eate et ses m\u00e9thodes : le questionnaire. Poche, 2012<\/em>
Giannelloni, Jean-Luc et Vernette, Eric. Etudes de march\u00e9. Vuibert, 2012<\/em>
L\u00e9vy, Julien et Lendrevie, Jacques. Mercator : Th\u00e9ories et nouvelles pratiques du marketing. Dunod, 2009<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lors de la r\u00e9daction des questions, plusieurs modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse peuvent \u00eatre propos\u00e9es aux participants. Pour obtenir des r\u00e9ponses fiables, il est n\u00e9cessaire de trouver un \u00e9quilibre entre les questions positives et n\u00e9gatives, entre les graduations de r\u00e9ponses (par exemple du tr\u00e8s satisfait au tr\u00e8s insatisfait) et d’apporter une attention particuli\u00e8re aux modalit\u00e9s neutres. Cet article pr\u00e9sente plusieurs… Lire la suite »<\/p>\n

La r\u00e9daction des questions d’un questionnaire<\/span> : les modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse<\/div>\n

<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-creer-un-questionnaire-en-ligne"],"yoast_head":"\nLa r\u00e9daction des questions d'un questionnaire : les modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse - Drag'n Survey<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dragnsurvey.com\/blog\/les-modalites-de-reponse-dun-questionnaire\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La r\u00e9daction des questions d'un questionnaire : les modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lors de la r\u00e9daction des questions, plusieurs modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse peuvent \u00eatre propos\u00e9es aux participants. Pour obtenir des r\u00e9ponses fiables, il est n\u00e9cessaire de trouver un \u00e9quilibre entre les questions positives et n\u00e9gatives, entre les graduations de r\u00e9ponses (par exemple du tr\u00e8s satisfait au tr\u00e8s insatisfait) et d'apporter une attention particuli\u00e8re aux modalit\u00e9s neutres. 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